Air Trap
Types of Steam Traps
A steam trap is a device that is designed to discharge condensate, air, and other incondensable gases from a steam system. A steam system cannot work without a steam trap because a steam trap connects steam usage with condensate return. A steam trap purges condensate, including air and other incondensable gases, out of the system, letting steam reach its destination in a dry state to perform its task efficiently and economically. It may discharge condensate at steam temperature or it may discharge below steam temperature, giving up some of its heat in the process.
There are four main types of steam traps. The mechanical traps have a float that rises and falls in relation to condensate level and usually have a mechanical linkage attached that opens and closes the valve. They operate in direct relationship to condensate levels present in the body of the steam trap.
Temperature traps have a valve that is driven by temperature. They are designed to hold back some condensate waiting for it to cool sufficiently to allow the valve to open. Thermodynamic rely on the difference in dynamic response to velocity change in flow of compressible and incompressible fluids. As steam enters, static pressure above the disk forces the disk against the valve seat and overcomes the high inlet pressure of the steam. As the steam condenses, the pressure against the disk drops and trap cycles which makes the TD a time cycle device in which it opens even if there is only steam present.
Another type of steam traps is the venture traps, which operate in a turbulent two-phase flow regime. Internally, they are composed of a venture type valve with a certain shape. They discharge condensate while eventual steam passes the venture. However, the steam expands and chokes while traversing the venture towards the low pressure zone.
One of the things to consider when choosing a type of steam traps is the air venting. Air in the system must be discharged through the steam traps. Thermostatic traps can fully open at start-up which is the beginning of the process where the heater space, filled with air, reduces heat transfer and increases warm-up time.
Another factor to consider is condensate removal. With the air vented, the steam traps must pass the condensate, but not the steam. The condensate is then discharged from the system afterwards.
About the Author
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Air Trap – Eric Mongrain
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